Soil Survey and Evaluation of an approximately total area of 25.58km2 of Obosi land was carried out, using the map of the area. The aims of the research were to map out the soils of Obosi, classify and evaluate them for suitability and sustainability for agricultural production and other land use development projects, and to inventory the causes of the prevalent soil erosion and the general land degradation of the area. Auger samples and profile pits samples were collected and examined based on the morphology and the relief of the surveyed area three mapping units: MUI – Lowland areas, MUII – Upland areas and MU III – Gullied areas were established. From the results obtained it was found out that the lowland areas and the upland areas were suitable for arable crops. Their major shortfall for agricultural production is low fertility. The Gullied areas, MUIII is physically found within the uplands and low-land areas. They are referred to as badlands. The prominent limitation of this unit is erosion hazard. The area cannot be used in their present state without serious reclamation activity. The soils are generally Iso-thermic udult (ultisols) by USDA classification and correlated as Eutric Ferralsols by FAO - WRB classification. Efforts made through interviews and consultations to inventory the causes of the prevailing land degradation and soil erosion in Obosi revealed that so many factors such as massive and sudden deforestation of the area, the topography and relief of the area, the erodibility of Obosi soils and the poor government intervention, all contributed immensely to the land degradation problems of the area, and appropriate recommendations were made.