Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the most important oil seed crop in Nigeria. It is one of the highest in oil content (50-52%), protein (17-19%), and carbohydrates (16-18%). Because of the high unsaturated fat and methionine contents, sesame seed and oil are in high demand in Nigeria as export materials. Since the bulk of domestic Sesame production has potential for foreign markets especially in Europe, the need for increased research in respect of the crop is urgent. There had not been preliminary information on status of sesame production in Taraba State. Questionnaires were administered among farmers in a participatory manner. Data were collected on cropping systems, cultural practices, yield levels, constraints to production and utilization. Responses obtained from farmers were analysed using non-parametric or descriptive statistics. The data was summarised into averages, percentages or ranges. The surveyed showed that most of the farmers cultivated between 1-3 ha of sesame more than ten years ago. The cropping system has been intercrop mostly with sorghum, groundnut and maize. 5 – 14 % of the farmers cultivated sesame as a sole crop. Also more than 40 and 38 % of the farmers interviewed identified cercospora leafspot and webworm respectively to be the most important pests in sesame. In conclusion, more research effort to finding solution to the challenges of pests, diseases, weeds and poor soil fertility problems in sesame is strongly advocated for in this part of the country. This will encourage the farmers to cultivate more hectarages of sesame considering many years of experience they have in producing the crop. The findings provide important guides to formulate good farmer - consumer oriented researches that will help to address these constraints and to improve the livelihoods of farmers in their rural communities.