RESULTS
The present study report
length weight relationship of 12 species belonging to 7 families with total no
of specimens 1177 form Sunye lake (Table 1). Less specimens were recorded for 7
species, these are rare in the lake. The values of parameter b were in the range
of 2.767 to 3.257. Six species of b value express as allometric growth, i.e.
Amblypharyngodon atkinsonii (Blyth,
1860) and Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)
were negative allometric (b<3) in large specimens and Punctius amphibius
(Valenciennes, 1842),
Parambassis
ranga
(Hamilton, 1822),
Trichogaster pectoralis
(Regan, 1910),
Macrognathus zebrinus
(Blyth,
1858) were positive allometric (b>3) in small specimens. Another six species
namely, Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822),
Punctius sophore (Hamilton, 1822),
Notopterus notopterus (Pallas, 1769), Anabas testudineus
(Bloch, 1792), Channa striata (Bloch, 1793), Heteropneustes fossilis
(Bloch, 1794) were showed isometric growth (b=3). Coefficient of determination
(R2) ranged from 0.860-0.966. All study species, R2
values greater than 0.9 except M. zebrinus, R2 value 0.86.
DISCUSSION
The results of Length weigh relationships are useful to the study of fishing
biology, management (Benedito-Cecilio
et al., 1997) and to evaluate the variation of exotic fish communities
and ecosystem (Sánchez-González et al., 2020). The length weight
relationship interprets the effect of different factors, such as habitat type
and feeding habits on the fish growth
(Agumassie, 2018).
Ricker (1975) stated that
body weight of fish is
affected by time of year; stomach contents, spawning condition, etc. The value
of b is 3 when fish growth is without changing, indicating isometric growth.
Value of b is greater than 3 when a fish weight increases as it increases in
length, it becomes plumpness, it exhibits positive allometric growth and
less than 3 if the fish weight decreases as it increases in body length, it
becomes ‘slimmer’, it exhibits negative allometric growth. In this study, among
12 species, 6 species exhibited isometric, positive allometry was observed for 4
species and negative allometry for 2 species.
In present study, L. rohita
growth was isometric (2.974), similar finding was reported from
reservoir,
Chhattisgarh, India (Chandrvanshi et al.,
2019), the b value was observed to be 3.04. Positive allometric (b>3) and
negative allometric growths (2.890) for L. rohita from drainages of Ganga
basin (Mir et al., 2015) and wet land, West Bengal,
India (Sarkar et al., 2017) was reported. Length weight relationship for P.
sophore growth was reported as isometric (2.93-3.03) (Hossain
et al., 2018) and positive allometric (3.124-3.439) (Hossain et al.,
2013) from rivers, pond and wetland of Bangladesh. Negative allometric growth of
P. sophore (2.63) was reported from Pakistan (Latif
et al., 2017). The present finding was observed as isometric (2.965)
agreed with the report from Bangladesh. In present study, b value of N.
notopterus was found to be 2.933 which indicated that isometric growth.
Negative allometric growths (1.905-2.895) were reported from
Indus river, Pakistan (Achakzai
et al., 2015) Tilaiya reservoir, Bihar, India (Khan, 2003) and
Tasik Kenyir Lake,
Terengganu, Malaysia (Kamaruddin
et al., 2011). However, Kaur and Rawal (2017) reported that
significant positive allometric growth of N. notopterus (3.57) in Sukhna
Lake, India. Negative allometric growths were found in ranged 2.53-2.845 for
A. testudineus in the Lake and river of Kuttanad, Kerala, India (Anila
and Raj, 2016), Sungai Batang river, Indonesia
(Ahmadi, 2019) and two lakes of Esperanza, Agusan del Sur, Phillipine
(Cuadrado et al., 2019). Maurya et al.
(2018) mentioned that growth in A. testudineus was isometric
(3.044) from Rudrasagar Lake, India similar to present finding (2.967). C.
striata from rice field of Indonesia (0.77) (Akbar
and Iriadenta, 2019) and Lake Kilobidan, Agusan Marsh, Phillipine (1.7) (Dumalagan
et al., 2017) were grew negatively allometric. Nevertheless, isometric growth
(3.104-3.060) from wetland of west Bengal India (Chakraborty
et al, 2017) was similar with the present study (3.013). The present
finding for H. fossilis was isometric (2.981). However, results
report from Gajner Beel, Bangladish by Rahman et al. (2019)
was positive allometric (3.08) while Islam et al. (2017) reported
negative allometric growth (2.862) from Atrai and Brahmaputra rivers,
Bangladesh. Isometric growth indicated that possible
in some conditions such as in farming and other stress-free environments.
The isometric growth pattern could be interpreted that the condition of fish
habitat was ideal and not degraded there were enough food sources, and the water
qualities for the predator and competitors were still balanced (Prasad
and Anvar Ali, 2007).
The findings of present study indicated the positive allometric growths (3.059)
for P. ranga. However, negative allometric growths (1.36-2.67)
were reported from wetlands of Assam and Kolkata, India
(Mahapatra et
al., 2014) (Sheikh
et al.,
2017),
Atrai and Brahmaputra rivers Bangladish
(Islam et al, 2017) (Mortuza
and Misned, 2015).
T. pectoralis
had positive allometric (3.097) in present study
while negative allometric growths (2.83) (2.66) occurred in Sungai Batang swamp
of Indonesia (Ahmadi, 2021)
and lake of Esperanza, Agusan del Sur, Phillipine
(Cuadrado et al., 2019).
Positive allometric growths (3.257 and 3.201) were occurred in present study for
both species, P. amphibius and
M. zebrinus. According to Froese et al. (2014) total length (cm),
based on length weight relationship estimates for b values of these
two data poor species
were ranged between b=2.92(2.74-3.10) and b=3 (2.82 -
3.18). The zebra spiny
eel is native to the Irrawaddy, Salween and
Sittang river drainages in Myanmar (Sufi 1956, Vidthayanon et al., 2005),
it is now established in Singapore (Ng 2010).
Sharp decline of the Puntius population in
various water bodies of south India recorded by Arunkumar et al.
(2017). Prasad
and Anvar Ali (2007) stated that the
positive allometric growth pattern showed the pressured condition due to the
increasing amount of food at particular location and time.
Present study revealed negative allometric growths pattern (2.767) for O.
niloticus, similar finding (2.313) occurs in Barur Reservoir in Pochampalli
Taluk, Krishnakri District, India (Marx et al., 2014).
Allometric positive
(3.13,3.16,3.17) growth of O. niloticus was observed in the two lakes of
Esperanza, Agusan del Sur, Philippines (Cuadrado et al., 2019),
Lake Victoria,
Kenya (Ngodhe and Owuor-JB. O, 2019) and
in Koka Reservoir,
Ethiopia (Asmamaw, 2019,
Agumassie, 2018) stated that nearly isometric growth observed in
different
water bodies of
Ethiopia. Positive allometric growth of A. atkinsonii (2.539), was
reported from Tanintharyi River, South Myanmar (Kulabtong, 2016). In
present study was expressed as negative allometric growth (2.907), similar
results were given by Aye and Khaing (2017) from study (2.534) of Taungthaman
Lake, Mandalay Region, Myanmar. The
negative allometric growth observed may be due to poorer feeding ability;
environmental inappropriateness including physicochemical parameters; seasonal
incompatibility including breeding seasons for proper growth of fishes (Sheikh
et al., 2017).
According to many studied,
grow rate of fish species is
varies in different environmental factors,
seasonal
effects, food availability,
oxygen,
sex,
habitat
condition and adaptive character (Hossain, 2018,
Khan,
2003, Agumassie, 2018, Akbar and Iriadenta, 2019,
Dumalagan, 2017,
Ahmadi, 2019, Chakraborty,
2017, Sánchez-González et al., 2020). Arunkumar et al.
(2017) stated that alteration in the micro and macro
habitats in the system severely affects the aquatic life especially fishes and
also complicates the fish taxonomy.
Most
fish species in the lake are sensitive to habitat degradation and act as
indicators of ecosystem health. Currently native species have declined as well
as population size and lake area has decrease obviously due to climate change,
anthropogenic activity caused by human and introduction of exotic fish species.
The physical changes and environmental degradation of lake and decline of
resources in this lake directly or indirectly affect the wellbeing of fish.
Different of length weight species in this study is might be due to the factors
like food availability and environmental condition.
CONCLUSIONS
The current study provides the baseline data on
length weight relationship of fish species which is essential for monitoring and management
system of these fish species in this region. In Sunye Lake,
further research is still required to examine the seasonal effect of length
weight relationship and environmental parameter, hence, such studies are also important in
order to improve fishery management and conservation. Proper ecofriendly fisheries management will
be required in future in order to maintain lake ecosystem, diversity, increase
productivity and improve the livelihood status of fishermen.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that there is
no conflict of interest.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors
gratefully acknowledge Biotechnology Research Department, Ministry of Science
and Technology, Kyaukse for providing financial and
laboratory facilities. We greatly appreciate Dr.
Hla Wayt Yiee, Department of Zoology, Kyaukse
University, who give valuable suggestion for
research work. We would like to thank Dr. Thet Thet Nyein, who helped the part
of this research work.
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