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Falana et al
Greener Journal of Medical Sciences Vol. 2 (1), pp. 019-032, January 2012
ISSN: 2276-7797
Research Paper
Manuscript Number: GJAS1211
Some Histological and Histochemical Effects of Aqueous Extract of the leaves of Neem on the Superior Colliculus and Lateral Geniculate Body of Adult Male Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus).
1Falana B. Abiola*, 1Caxton-Martins E. Ademola, 2Ofusori, D. Adesanya, 2Abiodun, A.A., 2Adeyemi D. Olawale
1Department of Anatomy Osun State University
Oshogbo
2Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology OAU
Ile-Ife Nigeria
*Correspondence Author Email: benabiola@ yahoo. com
Abstract:
This study
investigated the effect of the crude extract of the leaves
of Azadirachta indica on the intracranial visual relay
centers of adult male Wistar rats. It also investigated the
effects of the extract on the activities of some enzymes of
carbohydrate metabolism namely lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),
succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and NADH-diaphorase. This was
with a view to evaluating its effect on the histology of the
superior colliculus and lateral geniculate body of Wistar
rats.
Thirty-six adult male Wistar rats with an average weight of
200g were distributed into 6 groups A to F. Groups A to E
were treated orally with crude extract of Neem leaves at
different repeated doses of ( 500, 400, 300, 200 and 100)
mg/ml per kg body weight respectively for 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11
days. Each group had a pair –matched control. The rats were
sacrificed on days 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 days respectively and
the superior colliculus and lateral geniculate body were
examined microscopically after staining for histological and
histochemical analyses. Group F served as the withdrawal
effect group to determine the level of tolerance of the
animals to the administered extract.
The results showed distortions in the histoarchitecture of
the superior colliculus and lateral geniculate body of rats
treated with crude extract of Neem leaves at the dose of
100mg/ml per kilogram body weight for 11 days. On
microscopic evaluation, it was observed that the
histochemical staining intensities showing the activity of
LDH, SDH and NADH-diaphorase decreased in treatment groups
of both the superior colliculus and lateral geniculate body
implying that the administered extract had adverse effects
on these two intracranial visual relay centers. The
withdrawal effect group however show signs of recovery.
The study concluded that the crude extract of leaves of Neem
had an inhibitive effect on the activities of enzymes of
carbohydrate metabolism namely LDH, SDH and NADH-diaphorase
as shown by the decrease in the staining intensities
observed, and a degenerative effect on the neurons of the
superior colliculus and lateral geniculate body of adult
male Wistar rats.
Keywords: Neem, Superior Colliculus, Lateral
Geniculate Body, Carbohydrate Metabolism.
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