The popularization of common philosophy

Greener Journal of Philosophy and Public Affairs

Vol. 2(1), pp. 93-94, 2021

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The popularization of common philosophy - 47

Zhou Mi

Suqian Economic and Trade Vocational School

ABSTRACT
This paper introduces the field of philosophy, western philosophy and Chinese philosophy of some common sense to popularize common sense, for popularizing the basic knowledge of philosophy, can play a role in the introduction, the basic coverage of the field of philosophy of some basic knowledge.
ARTICLE INFO
*Article No.:* 06082100047	*Accepted:* 01/07/2021 *Published:* 27/08/2021	Corresponding Author Zhou Mi* *E-mail:* 1024317354@ qq.com	*Keywords:* philosophy; popularization; common Sense.

The soul turns to say

In order to solve the cognition problem of the idea, Plato put forward the "soul turning theory". In his view, individual things are always in the process of being born and dying; they are individual, relative and accidental, while their notion, the idea, is eternal and unchanging; they are universal, absolute and necessary. Thus the individual is the object of feeling, and the Idea is the object of knowledge. In order to solve the problem of understanding the idea, Plato divided the human soul into four different functions, from low to high: guessing, believing, reasoning, and understanding. They are the "turn of the soul". Our understanding of the idea is the result of the turn of the four functions of the soul.

Form and material

Aristotle summarized the previous philosophers' thoughts on causes, holding that there are four indispensable causes for the formation and existence of anything, namely material cause, formal cause, dynamic cause and objective cause. Matter is the material of which things are made, and Form is the essence of what a thing is. A "kinetic cause" is what causes things to start moving. Purpose cause refers to the goal to be achieved by the existence and generation of things. Aristotle further generalizes the four causes into two. Form and matter in the same thing are opposed to each other and cannot be transformed, but in relation to different things they are relative and transmutable. The whole chain of nature is a series of continuous development from material to form, that is, a process of transformation from potential to reality. Aristotle did not agree with Plato's view that the idea exists independently of things. He held that form and matter, as the two fundamental causes of things, exist inseparably in concrete things, and can exist separately only in cognition.

Potential and reality

Potentiality and reality are a pair of important categories in Aristotelian philosophy, which are used to explain the dynamic generative relationship between matter and form. "Potentiality" means having the potential power to achieve its essence and purpose, but it has not been realized. "Reality" is another state of being of things relative to potential, that is, things that exist themselves or have acquired their own essence. Another concept closely related to it is "hidden dreich", or "complete reality". The relationship between matter and form is the same as the relationship between potential and reality. Matter exists in a state of potential, while form is reality. Once matter acquires its form, it comes true and becomes the existence of reality. Therefore, the relationship between the two is relative and can be transformed.