The popularization of common philosophy

Greener Journal of Philosophy and Public Affairs

Vol. 2(1), pp. 127-128, 2021

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The popularization of common philosophy - 64

Zhou Mi

Suqian Economic and Trade Vocational School

ABSTRACT
This paper introduces the field of philosophy, western philosophy and Chinese philosophy of some common sense to popularize common sense, for popularizing the basic knowledge of philosophy, can play a role in the introduction, the basic coverage of the field of philosophy of some basic knowledge.
ARTICLE INFO
*Article No.:* 06082100064	*Accepted:* 01/07/2021 *Published:* 27/08/2021	Corresponding Author Zhou Mi* *E-mail:* 1024317354@ qq.com	*Keywords:* philosophy; popularization; common Sense.

Briefly describe Martin Luther's "justification by faith".

In Germany in the 16th century, the first, and then in Switzerland, Britain, France and the Scandinavian, set off a huge shock on the Vatican religious reform movement, the immediate requirement is the authority of the church, luxury church as clean, and from a philosophical point of view, its inherent requirement by the authority of the external return personal inner beliefs. Martin Luther is one of the main representatives of the religious reform, and his religious reform thought is embodied in the theory of "justification by faith". According to the bible "the man who believes in himself will be justified", Luther argued that the salvation of the human soul lies only in the inner belief of the individual. Man has dual nature, his soul is spiritual, which is the inner person or new person, is free; His flesh is natural, which is restricted by the outer man or the old man. The soul ascends to heaven because of the belief in God, and the external rituals can only hone the body and have nothing to do with the soul. Therefore, only faith is necessary for salvation. Luther, of course, did not categorically deny merit. What is to be rid of is the foolish idea of expiation by merit. Because one has to control one's behavior through performance. Luther's thought eliminated the authority of the church and returned to individuality and internality in the form of faith.

Briefly describe the basic characteristics of modern philosophy.

Modern philosophy is a brand-new philosophical form which is different from Greek philosophy and Christian philosophy.

First of all, Greek philosophy takes simplicity and intuition as its basic feature, while modern philosophy is "reflective" with the principle of subjectivity as its basic feature. Secondly, modern philosophy was formed in the background of the rapid development of natural science, so its scientific spirit has a solid foundation. The Greeks only wanted to know nature without transforming it, while modern philosophy added to the task of transforming nature, and as a result man became its master from a part of nature.

In contrast to Christian philosophy, modern philosophy attempted to replace theological authority with reason. When modern philosophy was not completely abandon the tradition of Christian philosophy, this aspect in modern philosophy of the incompleteness of theology, on the other hand, modern philosophy has benefited from some ideas of Christianity in different degree, such as the Christian view nature as for disposal of low-level human existence in the view of nature, it constitutes the basic premise of the modern scientific mechanical view of nature.

Therefore, modern philosophy, starting from Descartes, established the principle of subjectivity through the separation of subject and object, which made unprecedented achievements in the depth of thought, but also made it difficult to get rid of the contradiction between subject and object.

Enlightenment is the basic spirit of modern philosophy. The eighteenth century French philosophy is often referred to as Enlightenment. Enlightenment takes reason as the supreme authority and freedom as the ideal. It opposes religious superstition, feudal autocracy, ignorance and backwardness, advocates reason, advocates science, dispersals knowledge, and educates the masses. It has formed an ideological liberation movement that is the largest in scale, longest in length and has the most extensive influence in human history. Enlightenment has its limitations. When philosophers, inspired by the great achievements of natural science, try to popularize the spirit, theories and methods of science to all fields of nature, society and human beings themselves, they form a world view of mechanical determinism, which negates not only freedom, but also the value and dignity of human beings.