Johnson et al
By Johnson NC; Ideozu, HM; Eke, IC; Okachi, VW (2022).
|
Greener Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 4(1), pp. 1-6, 2022 ISSN: 2384-6429 Copyright ©2022, the copyright of this article is retained by the author(s) |
|
Evaluation of Pearled Deoxynivalenol (DON)-contaminated Barley on Growth Performance of Early-Weaned Pigs
1Johnson N.C; *1Ideozu, H.M; 2Eke, I.C; 1Okachi, V.W
1Department of Animal Science, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt.
2Captain Elechi Amadi Polytechnic, Rumuola Port Harcourt.
|
ARTICLE INFO |
ABSTRACT |
|
Article No.: 011722005 Type: Research |
96 Cotswold pigs initial body weight (BW) of 5.96 ± 0.12 kg were blocked based on BW and sex. After 1-week adaptation pigs were randomly assigned to 4-dietary treatments: corn diet (control) and 3-diets of pearled DON-contaminated barleys: 1.2, 4.4 and 7.6ppm, respectively. Each dietary treatment has 6 replicate pens of 4 pigs each in a two-phase feeding program: 5 – 10 kg and 10 – 20 kg BW range. Each phase lasted for 2 weeks. Animals were monitored weekly for average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (FE). There were significant (P = 0.0356) reductions in ADFI for barley diets compared to control; no differences (P > 0.05) in ADG; FE of barley diets were higher (P = 0.0201) compared with control in phase 1. No differences (P > 0.05) in the ADFI and ADG amongst diets. However, there was highly significant (P = 0.0004) difference in the FE as barley diets demonstrated better FE compared with control in phase 2. Overall, there were no differences (P > 0.05) in ADFI and ADG, but with a tendency (P = 0.0626) for a reduction in ADFI of the barley diets compared to control. Barley diets had superior (P = 0.0026) FE compared to control. It was concluded that commercial pearling was effective in reducing DON and fibre contents of DON-contaminated barley to acceptable levels for use in the rations of early-weaned pigs. |
|
Accepted: 19/01/2022 Published: 04/04/2022 |
|
|
*Corresponding Author Ideozu, HM E-mail: hansino22@ gmail. com |
|
|
Keywords: Barley, DON, Pearling, Performance and Piglet. |
|
|
|
|
REFERENCES
CCAC, 1993. Canadian Council on Animal Care. Guide to the care and use of experimental animals. Vol. 1, 2nd ed. CCAC Ottawa, ON.
Chavez, R. R. and Rheaume, J. A. 1986. The significance of reduced feed consumption observed in growing pigs fed vomitoxin-containing diets. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 66:277-287.
Clear, R. M. Patrick, S. K. and Gaba, D. 2000. Prevalence of fungi and fusariotoxins on barley seed from western Canada, 1995 to 1997. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 22:44-50.
Dritz, S. S. Owen, K. Q. Nelson, J. L. Goodband, R. D. and Tokach, M. D. 1996. Influence of weaning age and nursery diet complexity on growth performance and carcass characteristics and composition of high-health status pigs from weaning to 109 kilograms. J. Anim. Sci.74:2975-2984.
Grieshop, C. M. Reese, D. E. and Fahey, G. C. 2001. Nonstarch polysaccharides and oligosaccharides in swine nutrition. In: A. J. Lewis and L. L. Southern (Eds.) Swine Nutrition, page 107, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
House, J. D. Abrahamson, D. Crow, G. H. and Nyachoti, C. M. 2002. Feed intake, growth and carcass parameters of swine consuming diets containing low levels of deoxynivalenol from naturally contaminated barley. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 82:559-565
House, J. D. Nyachoti, C. M. and Abramson, D. 2003. Deoxynivalenol removal from barley intended as swine feed through the use of an abrasive pearling procedure. J. Agric. Food Chem. 51:5172-5175.
Lampe, J. F. Mabry, J. W. Baas, T. and Holden, P. 2004. Comparison of grain sources (barley, white corn, and yellow corn) for swine diets and their effects on meat quality and production traits. Iowa State University Animal Industry Report, ASL-R1954.
Lee, U. S., Lee, M. Y., Park, W. Y. and Ueno, Y. 1992. Decontamination of Fusarium mycotoxins, nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, and zearalenone in barley by the polishing process. Mycotoxin Res. 8:31-36.
Moeser, A. J. Kim, I. B. van Heugten, E. and Kempen, T. A. T. 2002. The nutritional value of degermed, dehulled corn for pigs and its impact on the gastrointestinal tract and nutrient excretion. J. Anim. Sci. 80:2629-2638.
NRC, 1998. Nutrient Requirements of swine (10th Ed.) Natl. Acad. Press, Washington, DC.
Rodas, B. Z. Sohn, K. S. Maxwell, C. V. and Spicer, L. J. 1995. Plasma protein for pigs weaned at 19 to 24 days of age: effect on performance and plasma insulin-like growth factor 1, growth hormone, insulin and glucose concentrations. J. Anim. Sci. 73:3657-3665.
Rotter, B. A. Thompson, B. K. Lessard, M. Trenholm, H. L. and Tryphonas, H. 1994. Influence of low-level exposure to Fusarium mycotoxins on selected immunological and hematological parameters in young swine. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 23:117-124.
Rotter, B. A. Thompson, B. K. and Lesard, M. 1995. Effects of deoxynivalenol-contaminated diet on performance and blood parameters in growing swine. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 75:297-302.
Rotter, B. A. Prelusky, D. B. and Pestka, J. J. 1996. Toxicology of deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin). J. Toxicol. Environ. Health. 48:1-34.
Trenholm, H. L. Charmley, L. L. Prelusky, D. B. and Warner, R. M. 1991. Two physical methods for the decontamination of four cereals contaminated with deoxynivalenol and zearalenone. J. Agric. Food Chem. 39:356-360.
Watson, 1987. Structure and composition. In: S. A. Watson and P. E. Ramstad (Eds.). Corn: Chemistry and Technology, page 53. Am. Assoc. Cereal Chem. Inc., St. Paul, MN.
Williams, K. C. Blaney, B. J. and Magee, M. H. 1988. Responses of pigs fed wheat naturally infected with Fusarium graminearum and containing the mycotoxin 4-deoxynivalenol and zearalenone. Aus. J. Agric. Res. 39:1095-1105.
|
Cite this Article: Johnson NC; Ideozu, HM; Eke, IC; Okachi, VW (2022). Evaluation of Pearled Deoxynivalenol (DON)-contaminated Barley on Growth Performance of Early-Weaned Pigs. Greener Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 4(1): 1-6.
|