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Greener Journal of Biological Sciences Vol. 11(2), pp. 65-73, 2021 ISSN: 2276-7762 Copyright ©2021, the copyright of this article is retained by the author(s)
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Spatial and temporal distribution of malaria, dengue and lymphatic filariasis vector larval breeding sites diversity in Northern Benin
André Sominahouin1,2*, Germain Gil Padonou1,3, Razaki Osse1,3 Albert Sourou Salako1, Hermann Sagbohan1, Esdras Odjo1, Moctard W. Afagnon5, Bénoît Assogba5, Arsène Fassinou1, Come Koukpo1, Fiacre Agossa1, Filémon Tokponnon1, Fortuné Dagnon5, Christophe Houssou2, Martin C. Akogbéto1,3
1Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou, Bénin.
2Département de Géographie et Aménagement du Territoire de l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Benin.
3Faculte des Sciences et Techniques de l’Université d’Abomey Calavi, Benin.
4 Institut de la Recherche de la Sante Publique de l’Université d’Abomey Calavi, Benin.
5US President’s Malaria Initiative, US Agency for International Development, Cotonou, Benin.
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ARTICLE INFO |
ABSTRACT |
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Article No.: 062821058 Type: Research
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Background: The environment is a major determinant of malaria biodiversity because of the vectorial nature of Plasmodium transmission and the bioecological preferences of the vectors. Mosquitoes, vectors of these diseases, evolve in natural and human modified ecological systems. The mastery of the spatio-temporal distribution of malaria and dengue vectors will allow to orientate actions in order to curb these pandemics. It is in this sense that the present study was conducted, in order to allow policies to take into account environmental sanitation in the fight against the vectors of malaria, dengue and lymphatic filariasis. Methods: To carry out this study, the larval survey method was adopted. Survey missions were conducted (during the dry season, the transition period between the two seasons and during the rainy season) in the districts of Kandi, Gogounou, and Segbana. Results: In the commune of Kandi, the number of breeding sites (positive and potential) is high during the two seasons. The genera of mosquitoes collected in these different types of sites were Anopheles, Culex and Aedes. The species richness varied between the different types of sites. The results of the breeding site typology in the KGS health zone show that high numbers of Anopheles and mixed breeding sites were observed during the rainy season during the dry season in the swamps, pits and shallows and in the study areas. In addition, there is an increase in Culex breeding sites in catch basins and Aedes breeding sites during the dry season especially in low altitude localities. Mosquito breeding sites were mostly recorded in cesspools jars (Culex, mixed and Anopheles), ponds, pools (Anopheles, and mixed), and holes, oxbows shallows and pits (Anopheles). The vulnerability maps obtained from the addition of the physiographic layers considered in each model, show the variability of vulnerability levels for each genus of Culicidae. Conclusion: The proliferation of malaria vectors would be attributable to the insalubrity of the immediate environment and to the anthropic activities that create and maintain breeding grounds. These data could be used to strengthen malaria control strategies already underway. These results show that more than half of the territory of the Kandi-Gogounou-Segbana health zone offer good ecological conditions for the development of mosquitoes, thus exposing more than half of the population to diseases caused by these mosquitoes. |
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Accepted: 30/06/2021 Published: 30/09/2021 |
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*Corresponding Author Dr. Andre Sominahouin E-mail: andrsominahouin@ yahoo.fr |
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Keywords: Breeding sites; Environment; Mosquitoes; GIS; Benin. |
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Cite this Article: Sominahouin A; Padonou GG; Osse R; Salako AS; Sagbohan H; Odjo E; Afagnon MW; Assogba B; Fassinou A; Koukpo C; Agossa F; Tokponnon F; Dagnon F; Houssou C; Akogbéto MC (2021). Spatial and temporal distribution of malaria, dengue and lymphatic filariasis vector larval breeding sites diversity in Northern Benin. Greener Journal of Biological Sciences, 11(2): 65-73.
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