Hamza et al
Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3 (7), pp.563-568, July 2013.
ISSN: 2276-7770
Research
Paper
Manuscript Number: 061013663
Estimates of Components of Variances for Bunch Traits in Date Palm Crosses (Phoenix dactylifera L)
*1Hamza A.M., 1Okolo E.C., 2Ado S.G., 2Usman I.S.
and
1
Agho
Collins
1Plant Breeding Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research (NIFOR). P.M.B.1030 300001, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
2Department of Plant Sciences, I.A.R., A.B.U, Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria.
*Corresponding Author’s Email: abdulnifort @ yahoo.com
Abstract:
A field experiment was carried out at Nigeria institute for
Oil Palm Research date palm Research substation Dutse,
Jigawa state during 2004-2005 flowering season. Biparental
progenies derived from 60 crosses replicated twice were
subjected to analysis of variance using nested design for
the purpose of estimating additives, genetic and dominance
components of variances of the seven bunch traits.
Significant variation was observed for the traits studied.
The male components of variances (σ2m) for all the traits
were negative, indicating that the estimates were not
different from zero or were very small. Positive estimates
were recorded for females within male variance (σ2f/m),
while Non-significant negative additive variances (σ2A) were
obtained for all the traits. Dominance variance (σ2D) showed
significant positive values for number of fruits, spikelets,
aborted fruits and unfertilized florets. Positive estimates
were recorded for environmental variance (σ2e), genotypic
variance (σ2g) and phenotypic variance (σ2ph). In allcases
phenotypic variance was much larger than the genotypic
variance. Low environmental variance were obtained for the
traits indicating that the environmental condition where the
experiment was carried out is homogenous and the material
could perform considerably well under similar environmental
conditions. The means performance of the males indicates
that variability exists between the males; Males 6R3 and 1R7
are good combiners with female 12R3 for number of fruits
while males 1R12 and 5R2 are good combiners with female 12R3
for number of fruits. Female 2R8 is poor general combiners
for number of fruits. Males 1R12 and 5R2 are good combiners
with female 1R27 for weight of fruit while male 6R3 and 1R7
are good combiners with female 12R3 for fruit weight.
Recurrent and backcross selection are recommended for
further date palm improvement programs.
Keywords: Male variances (σ2m), female within male
variances (σ2f/m), additive variances (σ2A), Dominance
variance (σ2D), environment variance (σ2e), phenotypic
variance (σ2ph), genotypic variance(σ2g) and bunch traits
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